Cats are amazing. They're like little balls of fur that purr, play, and generally make life more fun. 

But for some poor souls, being around cats can cause a whole range of unwanted physical reactions, from skin rashes to sneezing.

Cat allergies are really common. They’re the most common animal-based allergy and affect an estimated 35% of cat owners in the UK.

They’re twice as common as dog allergies and it is possible to be allergic to both.

You can read more about dog allergies here.

In this article, we will discuss the causes, symptoms, and possible ways you can manage symptoms.

What Causes Cat Allergies?

Most people think that cat hair causes allergy symptoms, but it’s actually what’s on the hair that is the culprit.

Allergy symptoms originate when the body's immune system overreacts to harmless substances.

In the case of cat allergies, it's often a protective response to two proteins called Fel d 1 and Fel d 4, which are produced in a cat’s saliva and sebaceous (oil) glands.

During grooming, cats transfer these proteins onto themselves and then onto their surroundings when they shed their fur.

This is what causes the allergy symptoms people experience.

Cat hairs can also carry other allergens such as pollen and dust, which may cause allergic reactions in people with hay fever, asthma, or eczema.

If you do suffer from any of these conditions, it may not be cats that you are allergic to, but rather the pollen and dust they can carry.

Signs and Symptoms

Depending on a sufferer's sensitivity and level of exposure,  allergic symptoms of cat allergy can vary in severity; they can be mild, moderate, or severe.

On the milder end, symptoms can be as unobtrusive as a persistent tickle in the throat. But venture toward the more severe side, and one might experience signs that are impossible to ignore: significant respiratory difficulty, an asthma attack, or even dangerous swelling under the skin known as Angioedema, which can affect breathing if it occurs around the neck.

Symptoms usually start within minutes of exposure but can be delayed:

• Sneezing 

• Itching  

• Wheezing

• Watery eyes

• Runny nose 

• Coughing 

• Breathing difficulties

• Eczema flare-up

• Skin rash

• Red eyes

Symptoms in Children

Children often bear the brunt of allergies, but might not have the words to explain what's going on. 

They might rub their noses upward, a gesture endearingly known as the "allergic salute", more times than seems typical.

Keep an eye out for symptoms like constant nose-rubbing, eye-touching, and an uptick in audible breathing.

Pet allergens can be found in schools where they have been transferred onto clothing from cat owners. Exposure to cat allergens in schools can intensify symptoms in asthmatic children with cat allergies.

Allergy Testing

If encounters with cats leave you with persistent reactions, such as respiratory discomfort, watery eyes, or an itchy rash, an allergy test may be necessary.

These symptoms might manifest immediately upon contact or could take hours to appear, making it challenging to pinpoint the cause.

Testing is particularly advisable if over-the-counter antihistamines and environmental changes don't alleviate the symptoms.

Children displaying allergic reactions to cats should also be tested, as early intervention can prevent more severe allergic reactions. When facing a decision concerning a new pet or managing existing symptoms, an allergy test can provide clarity for the best course of action.

Before deciding on your next steps, we’d advise you to discuss your allergy with a GP or health professional, especially if you have other allergic conditions, such as asthma, rhinitis, or eczema.

How Allergy Testing is Performed

Allergy testing for cat allergens is typically conducted through skin prick tests or blood tests. The process is straightforward:

Skin Prick Test:

During a skin prick test, the skin is exposed to a small amount of various allergens, including the proteins associated with cats. A medical professional will observe the test area for reactions. If a wheal, resembling a small bump or hive, forms, it may indicate an allergic response.

A wheal diameter of 6mm or greater will accurately predict cat allergy in at least 95% of cases, whilst a skin prick wheal diameter of less than 6mm will rule out cat allergy in 95% of cases.

Blood Test:

For those who cannot undergo skin testing, blood tests offer an alternative. A blood sample is taken and analyzed for specific antibodies produced by the immune system in response to allergens. These tests measure the level of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to the cat allergen components.

The Next Steps After Testing

Once the presence of a cat allergy is confirmed, a personalized management plan can be implemented. This plan may range from taking regular antihistamines to more substantial lifestyle changes, including air purifiers and stringent cleaning routines to reduce allergen exposure.

Treatment Options

When it comes to cat allergies, many individuals face a conundrum—balancing the love for their feline friends against the pesky symptoms that come with allergies.

While most are familiar with avoiding exposure and using medications to manage symptoms, several additional strategies are just as crucial for those seeking relief, including:

• Diet and nutrition 

• Air filtration

• Allergy-proof bedding

• Allergen reducers

• Allergy therapies 

Let's dive deeper into these underutilized yet effective methods for treating cat allergies, expanding the arsenal for battling this common condition.

Diet and Nutrition:

One often overlooked area in the fight against cat allergies is diet and nutrition. Foods with natural antihistamine properties, such as those rich in vitamin C and quercetin (a plant flavonoid), can bolster the immune system and potentially reduce allergic reactions. Implementing a well-balanced diet, filled with fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats, may indeed influence one's overall allergic response.

Air Filtration:

Investing in a high-quality air purifier can work wonders for individuals with cat allergies. Look for air purifiers with HEPA filters designed to capture microscopic allergens, including the dander and proteins responsible for triggering allergic reactions. Running an air purifier in spaces where one spends a lot of time, or even better, throughout the home, ensures a more allergen-free sanctuary.

Allergy-proof Bedding:

Considering we spend about a third of our lives sleeping, applying anti-allergy covers to mattresses, pillows, and duvets can have a significant impact. These special covers are intricately woven to prevent cat dander from making a home where you rest. Maintain a strict cleaning schedule for all bedding, washing regularly in hot water to kill off any lingering allergens.

Innovative Allergen Reducers:

Recent advancements have brought about products designed to neutralize allergens in the environment. Allergen-reducing sprays and washes can be applied to fabrics and surfaces, deactivating the proteins that cause symptoms. Additionally, cat wipes or solutions applied to your cat's coat can reduce the amount of dander released into your home. These innovative solutions are worth exploring as part of a comprehensive allergy management plan.

Professional Allergy Therapies:

When over-the-counter remedies and environmental changes aren't enough, it might be time to consult an allergist for more professional treatments. Sublingual immunotherapy—a newer form of immunotherapy that involves placing a tablet containing allergen extract under the tongue—has shown promise for some individuals with cat allergies. Meanwhile, more traditional allergy shots, which involve a longer commitment, gradually desensitize the immune system to specific allergens.

Living with Cats When You Have Allergies

When it comes to cat allergies, many individuals face a conundrum—balancing the love for their feline friends against the pesky symptoms that come with allergies.

Dwelling with friendly felines when allergies loom in the background might sound like a paradox to many. However, the joy of cat companionship should be everyone, but just the non-allergic.

With strategic adjustments and proactive practices, individuals with cat allergies can share their living spaces with cats, albeit through some thoughtful modifications to their routines and environment.

Combatting Cat Allergerns:

One of the most effective ways to live comfortably with cats despite allergies is to limit exposure to airborne dander.

Specialized air purifiers with HEPA filters become invaluable allies, capturing microscopic particles and significantly lowering the allergen count in the air.

Regular replacement and maintenance of these filters ensure they continue to operate at peak performance.

The Sanctuary Room:

Establishing a 'cat-free zone,' particularly where the allergy sufferer sleeps, can provide a much-needed respite.

This zone, preferably the bedroom, remains off-limits to the cat, reducing exposure to allergens during hours of rest and rejuvenation, crucial for those with allergic sensitivities.

Fabric and Flooring Choices:

Because allergens cling to soft surfaces, selecting furnishings and flooring that don't trap dander is critical.

Hardwood or tile flooring alongside washable curtains and slipcovers makes for a less hospitable environment for allergens.

If rugs are a must, opting for low-pile variations and washing them frequently can mitigate the impact.

Grooming and Cleanliness:

Regular cat grooming, including brushing and bathing, diminishes the amount of loose fur and dander a cat sheds. The use of pet-friendly wipes can also reduce the proteins that trigger allergy reactions. Likewise, frequent vacuuming of the home, coupled with steam cleaning soft furnishings, can prevent the accumulation of allergens.

Laundry Protocol:

Allergy sufferers should pay special attention to laundering bedding, throw blankets, and clothing that might collect cat hair and dander. Hot water washing and regular cycles can reduce allergen presence on fabrics.

Attire Alterations:

Having designated "cat clothes" can minimize the spread of allergens throughout the house. Change outfits after prolonged cat cuddling sessions and before entering the allergy-free zone to reduce cross-contamination.

Medicinal Aids:

Consulting with healthcare professionals about antihistamines, nasal sprays, and other allergy medications could provide further relief. These treatments can alleviate symptoms and make daily life with cats more bearable for allergy sufferers.

Conclusion

Tackling cat allergies takes a multifaceted approach. Beyond the initial steps of managing the environment and medications, strategies like dietary adjustments, use of air purifiers with HEPA filters, allergy-proof bedding, advanced allergen-reducing products, and professional allergy therapies can provide significant improvements.

Each individual's journey with cat allergies is unique, and it may take a combination of these tactics to achieve the best results. With dedication and the right approach, allergy sufferers can enjoy more comfortable and symptom-free interactions with their beloved cats.

Knowledge Is Power: Stay Updated

As with any passion or hobby, staying informed is key. Keep abreast of developments in cat allergy research, from new treatments to the latest insights into hypoallergenic cat breeds. Understanding the forefront of allergy science can arm you with the tools for a comfortable, cat-filled life.

By tackling cat allergy management from multiple angles, a sneeze-free coexistence with your whiskered roommate is more than just possible—it's a feat that’s well within grasp. Remember, the goal isn't just to cope, but to thrive together, making every day a good fur day!

Do you need someone to look after your cat in Birmingham or Solihull? We are Birmingham Pet Sitters, and you can find out more information about us here - www.birminghampetsitters.co.uk.